One of a series of 22 portraits of Polish kings commissioned for the Marble Room at the Royal Castle in Warsaw. The painting is listed in the 1795 catalogue of the Stanisław August collection under no. 1174. Jan II Kazimierz (1609–72) of the Vasa dynasty, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania (reg. 1648–68). Inscribed on the back: JOANNES- CA=/SIMIRUS/ Sigismundi III. Filius,/ Vladislaj IV. Frater,/ Natus 22. Maij. 1609. Electus/ d: 17. 9bris 1648. Coronat[us] d: 17./ Januar. 1649. Post 20. Annos/ infelicis Regni, abdicavit Coro=/nam. d: 16. 7bris. Ao 1668. Obijt in Civitate Nevers, in/ Gallia d. 16. Xbris Ao 1672./ Nro 18. The marble plaque beneath the painting is inscribed: JOANNES CASIMIRUS/ [upturned crown] MDCLXVIII.